After the development of analog and digital technologies, the network era has ushered in the explosive growth of the amount of information data and the amount of user demand, while the development speed of signal transmission technology is limited, and the contradiction that bandwidth resources cannot meet the amount of data has always existed. After the analog and digital technologies, the control room agent management system has entered the mainstream pattern of distributed IP KVM and optical fiber KVM technology. With the advantages of simple technology, flexible system, convenient expansion and low threshold for project implementation, distributed IP KVM system has become a technology that many manufacturers are pushing hard. However, signal compression and signal delay have always been inherent defects that cannot be avoided in the distributed agent management system.

Typical distributed KVM agent management system architecture
Optical fiber KVM occupies the high-end market of the control room industry with the advantages of stable system, good real-time transmission, uncompressed signal and zero delay, strong data concurrency processing ability, and high information security, and is used in large-scale command centers and control centers in various industries.
The core difference between optical fiber KVM and distributed IP KVM lies in the product architecture, the distributed IP KVM system uses the network switch as the core of signal transmission, while the optical fiber KVM uses the product core called "all-optical architecture", eliminating the network switch, and has a completely different product structure. The all-optical architecture brings unprecedented advantages to the control room agent management system, and also brings revolutionary efficiency improvements and operation experience to the control room.

Application scenarios of fiber optic KVM in high-end control rooms
How Does All-Optical Architecture Solve the Signal Delay Problem?
The all-optical architecture system is different from the signal transmission mechanism of the network switch using the IP architecture, but adopts a completely independent FPGA signal processing architecture, which is equivalent to a dedicated channel for each signal, which avoids the congestion during signal transmission and the delay of remote signal operation, realizes lossless compression and transmission of signals, and ensures the ultimate real-time and operability of signal operation on the agent side. In practical applications, the signal delay of the all-optical architecture can be kept within 20ms, which is far beyond the range that can be recognized by the naked eye, and can be said to be an operation experience with nearly zero latency, which is a must meet the needs of industries such as radio and television, broadcasting, and air traffic control.

The air traffic control field obviously cannot accept signal delay lag
For the distributed agent management system of IP architecture, due to the existence of network switches, the architecture of the bus backplane is adopted, and the mode of transmitting signals through the Internet still has obvious signal delays under limited bandwidth resources. Although the IP architecture reduces the signal latency through various algorithms, it can reach the level of 60ms in an ideal test environment. However, in practical applications, the latency of the IP architecture is generally hundreds of milliseconds or even 1-2 seconds, and the mouse cursor can perceive obvious drifting and stuttering.
How is information security ensured?
The all-optical architecture independent signal transmission strips away the Internet, bringing the natural advantage of high system security performance, and isolating the Internet transmission makes some network risks no longer have a chance to take advantage of, which has great application value for some confidential high-end control room projects that require a high level of information security and prevent information leakage. For specific environments such as public security, government management, and emergency management, there are huge differences in the level of information security brought by different networking methods, and the all-optical architecture is completely independent of the Internet and isolates the Internet from other network segments, which is equivalent to completely cutting off the entry point of network security threats and solving the problem of information security.
For the distributed agent management system of IP architecture, the network switch is the information transmission carrier that must exist, with the help of the switch, the system can access the Internet network and realize the transmission of signals, which gives network criminals the opportunity to intrude. In 2013, Barclays Bank in London, England, was stolen 1.3 million pounds because criminals used distributed IP KVM to control computers.

How to achieve high-concurrency message processing?
The all-optical architecture system does not have network switches, and there is no congestion of transmission channels, which brings powerful information concurrency processing capabilities. At present, the most technically strong optical fiber KVM manufacturers have achieved the product delivery capacity of more than 800 signals concurrently processed by a single unit, and can support a higher number of signal channels after system cascading. For the large-scale and super-large command center with a high number of national and provincial signal channels, the command and control system can process hundreds or even thousands of signals at the same time to ensure the smooth transmission of each signal, the stable operation of the whole system, and the accurate transmission of information, which are indispensable requirements.
As for the concept of decentralization, in fact, for the KVM system, whether there is a server or not is not the key to decentralization, the core of the entire system link lies in the network switch, the bus architecture of the network switch, with memory and CPU products, constitute a centralized system architecture. In the practical application of distributed IP KVM system, when the concurrent signals that need to be processed exceed 50 channels, the load of the signal on the transmission line increases dramatically, and there will be a delay problem that can be clearly perceived at the agent end, and the signal must be compressed higher in order to maintain the smooth and available signal.
How well does super-resolution signal support work?
The all-optical architecture system also has unique advantages in the encoding and decoding mode of the signal, through the transmission medium of optical fiber, there is enough bandwidth to support the lossless compression transmission of video signals, so that the optical fiber KVM system has a good ability to support ultra-high-definition video signals, and can support signals with 4K@60Hz resolution, which can cover radio and television, broadcasting, exhibitions, and other occasions with high requirements for signal picture quality.
Distributed IP KVM uses commonly used JPEG2000, H.264/H.265 and other codecs, and through the gigabit switch, it is necessary to go through high compression of the signal to ensure smooth transmission, which produces unavoidable signal quality problems, especially for ultra-high-resolution video signals, which cannot meet the needs of specific scenarios.
How to ensure the synchronization of the large screen?
The all-optical architecture has no compression, zero-delay signal processing, and the unique non-IP optical control function can ensure that the system has good synchronization when displaying large-screen signals, especially large-scale large-screen displays of more than 100 square meters, and there will be no visible picture jamming, tearing and smearing between each area of the large screen.
For the distributed agent management system, excellent manufacturers can achieve a switch with 10 control nodes without obvious synchronization problems, more than 10 nodes with load, the system will not be able to deal with the synchronization problem well when the large screen signal display output, in large-scale, ultra-large-scale projects is not a very ideal choice.

A large number of national and provincial public security, emergency, radio and television, electric power, air traffic control, mobile communications and other fields of large-scale and super-large command centers and control centers have adopted the optical fiber KVM command and control system construction scheme, while the distributed IP KVM agent management system system is convenient networking, high flexibility, low construction cost, The advantages of strong versatility have also found a place in scenarios such as a large number of small and medium-sized command centers, control centers, and conference rooms in various industries.